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操作系统：
CentOS 7 Ubuntu 18.04 安装版本： PostgreSQL 12.3 (当前最新版)
内容提要：
1.在CentOS和Ubuntu两种主流Linux分支上源码编译安装PostgreSQL
2.添加postgresql服务到Linux系统service以开机自启动(/etc/init.d)
3.设置PostgreSQL默认超级账户`postgres'密码并开启远程访问
1.安装依赖
CentOS系统
yum install bison-devel readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel wgetyum groupinstall 'Development Tools'
Ubuntu系统
apt install build-essential libreadline-dev zlib1g-dev flex bison libxml2-dev libxslt-dev libssl-dev libxml2-utils xsltproc
2.下载源码
wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v12.3/postgresql-12.3.tar.gztar -xz -f postgresql-12.3.tar.gzcd postgresql-12.3/ ; ls
3.编译安装
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsqlmake && make installuseradd postgresmkdir /usr/local/pgsql/datachown -R postgres:postgres /usr/local/pgsql/echo -e '# PostgreSQL PATH\nexport PATH=/usr/local/pgsql/bin:$PATH\n' >> /etc/profilesource /etc/profile
4.设置开机启动
cp contrib/start-scripts/linux /etc/init.d/postgresqlchmod a+x /etc/init.d/postgresql
CentOS系统
ln -s /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc.d/rc0.d/K02postgresqlln -s /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc.d/rc1.d/K02postgresqlln -s /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/K02postgresqlln -s /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S98postgresqlln -s /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc.d/rc4.d/S98postgresqlln -s /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S98postgresqlchkconfig --add postgresqlchkconfig postgresql onfirewall-cmd --add-port=5432/tcp --permanentsystemctl restart firewalld.service
Ubuntu系统
ln -s /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc0.d/K02postgresqlln -s /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc1.d/K02postgresqlln -s /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc2.d/K02postgresqlln -s /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc3.d/S98postgresqlln -s /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc4.d/S98postgresqlln -s /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc5.d/S98postgresqlupdate-rc.d postgresql defaults
5.启动安装服务
这一步开始操作系统切换到`postgres'用户。
su - postgresinitdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/datapg_ctl -D /usr/local/pgsql/data -l /usr/local/pgsql/data/serverlog start
6.开启远程访问
sed -i "s/host all all 127.0.0.1\/32 trust/# host all all 127.0.0.1\/32 trust/" /usr/local/pgsql/data/pg_hba.confecho 'host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5' >> /usr/local/pgsql/data/pg_hba.confsed -i "s/#listen_addresses = 'localhost'/listen_addresses = '*'/" /usr/local/pgsql/data/postgresql.confpg_ctl -D /usr/local/pgsql/data -l /usr/local/pgsql/data/serverlog reload
到此，就可以登录PG了。直接在命令行输入`psql'即可以PostgreSQL默认超级账户`postgres'无密码本地localhost登录。登录进PG以后设置一个密码，即可用其他GUI工具以TCP/IP远程访问本次安装的PostgreSQL。
$ psqlpsql (12.3)Type "help" for help.postgres=# ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD '1024';ALTER ROLEpostgres=# SELECT VERSION(); version ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Ubuntu 7.5.0-3ubuntu1~18.04) 7.5.0, 64-bit(1 row)postgres=# \q
因为之前已经将postgresql添加到操作系统/etc/init.d，以后就可以以系统管理员熟悉的service管理PG。
service postgresql statusservice postgresql stopservice postgresql startservice postgresql restartservice postgresql reload
也可以以其他操作系统账户，如root账户，来直接登录PG。
root@ubuntu:~# psql -Upostgrespsql (12.3)Type "help" for help.postgres=# \qroot@ubuntu:~# psql -Upostgres -dpostgrespsql (12.3)Type "help" for help.postgres=# \q
参考：
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